¹Jennifer Whitten, ²James W. Head
¹Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20004 USA
²Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence RI 02912 USA

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Reference
Whitten J, Head JW (2014) Lunar cryptomaria: Mineralogy and Composition of Ancient Volcanic Deposits. Planetary and Space Science (in Press)
Link to Article [doi:10.1016/j.pss.2014.11.027]

¹Timothy A. Goudge, ¹John F. Mustard, ¹James W. Head, ²Mark R. Salvatore, ¹Sandra M. Wiseman
¹Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Box 1846, Providence, RI 02912
²School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, PO Box 876305, Moeur Bldg. Rm. 131, 201 E. Orange Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287-6305

We present morphologic observations and spectral modeling results of a large, kaolin-group mineral-bearing deposit within Kashira crater in the southern highlands of Mars. We employ both non-linear unmixing of Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) visible to near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance data and linear unmixing of Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) thermal infrared (TIR) emissivity data to quantitatively analyze the kaolin-group mineral within this deposit. We use a novel approach for quantitative analysis of CRISM data through non-linear unmixing with in-scene, orbitally-derived endmembers combined with laboratory measured endmembers. Results from this approach indicate that the deposit within Kashira crater is best modeled as a combination of surrounding spectral units (i.e., in-scene derived endmembers) with the addition of the kaolin-group mineral halloysite. Linear unmixing of TES data suggest that the deposit contains ∼30% halloysite, a result that is supported by a sensitivity analysis. Potential formation mechanisms for this deposit include hydrothermal alteration, arid-environment pedogenic weathering of a basaltic mound deposit, or pedogenic weathering of a volcanic ash deposit. Our modeling results offer a quantitative reconciliation of the CRISM and TES datasets, and provide a consistent mineralogy from spectral unmixing for an aqueous alteration mineral-bearing deposit on Mars using a combined analysis of both VNIR and TIR hyperspectral data.

Reference
Goudge TA, Mustard JF, Head JW, Salvatore MR, Wiseman SM (2014) Integrating CRISM and TES Hyperspectral Data to Characterize a Halloysite-Bearing Deposit in Kashira Crater, Mars. Icarus (in Press)
Link to Article [doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.034]

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